The Challenges of Naval Electromobility in Amazônia

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to assess the feasibility of replacing a diesel-powered tourist boat with a Solar Electric Hybrid Catamaran with a capacity for fifty people to promote sustainable tourism in the Amazon, specifically in the Belém-Pará region. The initiative seeks to take advantage of the opportunity presented by COP 2030 to innovate in the waterway transportation matrix through renewable energy sources. The research is based on sustainability concepts, the environmental impacts of using fossil fuels and the advantages of using solar energy for waterway transportation. The methodology includes a comparative analysis of diesel-powered vessels' operational and environmental costs and a Hybrid Electric system based on data compiled from a master's thesis. The expected results include identifying significant benefits in terms of reduced carbon emissions. The discussion will address the challenges faced in implementation, such as the initial investment costs, the maintenance of the new technologies, and the adaptation of operators and tourists to the latest transportation conditions. The implications of this research are vast; it can serve as an incentive for energy transition in the river transportation sector. Furthermore, this research pioneers the proposal of replacing diesel-powered tourist boats with solar electric hybrid models in the Amazon region. The study adds value by presenting a practical and sustainable solution to the environmental challenges the tourism sector faces, in line with the global sustainability goals set by COP 2030.   Objective: This research outlines the importance and potential of naval electric mobility in the Eastern Amazon region, highlighting its relevance within COP 2030 and the SDGs for promoting ecotourism for the Amazon region.   Theoretical Framework: The research is based on sustainability concepts, the environmental impacts of using fossil fuels, and the advantages of using solar energy for water transportation. In addition, previous experiences of implementing similar technologies in other regions and the potential for replicability in the Amazon are considered, focusing on environmental conservation and economic development.   Method: This research is a compilation of the master's thesis entitled "Waterway electric propulsion technologies: conceptual design of a hybrid vessel with a focus on meeting environmental, social and Governance (ESG) practices," where the study was carried out in the municipality of Belém, Pará in the year 2023.   Results and Discussion: The expected results include identifying significant benefits in terms of reduced carbon emissions, lower noise pollution and improved air quality. The discussion will address the challenges faced in implementation, such as initial investment costs, maintaining the new technologies and adapting operators and tourists to the new transportation conditions. Social acceptance and the potential for a positive impact on local tourism will also be assessed.   Research Implications: This research has vast implications, ranging from contributing to climate change mitigation to promoting more sustainable tourism practices in the Amazon. Adopting the Solar Electric Hybrid Catamaran can serve as a model for other areas with similar geographical characteristics, encouraging public policies aimed at using renewable energies in the transportation sector.   Originality/Value: This research pioneers the proposal of the replacement of diesel-powered tourist boats with a solar electric hybrid model in the Amazon region. The study adds value by presenting a practical and sustainable solution to the environmental challenges faced by the tourism sector, which is in line with the global sustainability goals set by COP 2030.