Relationship of the El Niño Phenomenon to Climate Change

Abstract

Objective: The main objective of this article is to clearly analyze the multiple relationship between the El Niño phenomenon and Climate Change.   Theoretical Framework: The theoretical basis of this study arises from the climatic variation presented in the last decades, due to the excessive elimination of greenhouse gases generating an important and imminent increase in temperature.   Method: A bibliographic and systematic methodology is used to understand the interaction and effects on the earth system from the point of view of different authors.   Results and Discussion: In the studies addressed, an increase in the frequency and intensity of the El Niño phenomenon attributed to global climate change was evidenced, which reflected the impact on health, global policy and ecosystems in Latin America. In addition, the research revealed the sectors and activities most affected by the intensification of El Niño, such as agriculture, health, urban infrastructure, given the evidence of vulnerable pockets in urban environments, it is recommended that the authorities implement a system of infrastructure resistant to climate variations and the promotion of sustainable practices to reduce extreme weather events.   Implications of the research: It is based on detrimental events to health, agriculture and urban infrastructure, seeking sustainable practices for the reduction of extreme weather events.   Originality/value: The study used the negative effects experienced in greater quantity in the Ecuadorian coasts, on climate change, so its results come from original sources.