Sustainability Aspects of Carapa Guianensis Aubl Oil for Antiinflammatory Uses

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the lipidomic profile of andiroba oil and its socio-economic characteristics focused on the activities of limonoids as an alternative for the generation of nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs in order to relate the generation of products that act on circular and external peripheral inflammation.   Theoretical Reference: In this context, andiroba oil (C. guianensis) has a wealth of lipid substances with chemical and socio-economic potential, highlighting its importance for local populations and its potential for sustainable bioeconomics, as this species contains nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs from Amazonian oil plants.   Method: The methodology adopted includes  describing the lipidomic profile of andiroba oil analyzed by GC/MS, using a Zebrom 5HT capillary column specifically designed to analyze both the methyl esters of the various fatty acids and the limonoids and steroids. The bibliographic search was carried out in the CAPES periodicals on the Scopus database, using specific keywords such as andiroba, Carapa, limonoids and antiinflammatories. Three samples of andiroba oil collected in different states were used to compare the lipidomic profiles.   Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed the presence of limonoids 7-desacetyl-7-oxogedunin, 7- oxogedunin, deacetyl gedunin; steroids campesterol, stigmasterol, b-sitosterol and various medium and long chain fatty acids. These results showed valuable information about the presence of limonoids, which have anti-inflammatory properties related to the chemical composition, which can vary with the season, the place of collection and the differences in the extraction processes of this oil. However, there is no total absence of limonoids.   Research Implications: This research's practical and theoretical implications emphasize that the active anti-inflammatory principles are found in the unsaponifiable fraction, and therefore, only lipidomic techniques can access these metabolites with more excellent resolution. Thus, with the structural identifications, in silico studies can be carried out to classify their effects on cyclooxygenase enzymes (COXs), specifically COX-1, in circular and external peripheral inflammation.   Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature through the perspective of developing safe anti- inflammatory agents produced from andiroba oil, which is a source of great interest for topical use. This oil stands  out as one of the most scientifically studied natural products, being biocompatible and presenting itself as an economical and safe alternative for treating circular and external peripheral inflammations. The relevance and value of this research is evidenced by the fact that limonoids are inhibitors of cyclooxygenases, highlighting the prospect of a new socio-economic aspect.