Disability and Non-Disability in the Labour Market (the Case of Central Sulawesi), Indonesia

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigates the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, a region where adults with disabilities comprise 40.6% of the population, significantly higher than the national average. Despite constitutional guarantees against discrimination and the right to employment, people with disabilities face substantial barriers in accessing the labor market. The study aims to examine the labor market participation rate of individuals with disabilities compared to their non-disabled counterparts, highlighting socio-demographic factors that influence employment opportunities.   Methods: Utilizing data from the August 2021 SAKERNAS survey, this quantitative research analyzes labor market indicators for 16,985 individuals of working age (15 years or older) across 6,200 sample households in Central Sulawesi Province. The study employs the definitions and concepts of employment from the International Conference of Labor Statisticians (ICLS) to ensure consistency and accuracy in data interpretation.   Results: Findings reveal that only 10.62% of the working-age population in Central Sulawesi have disabilities. However, this group encounters lower labor participation and higher rates of exclusion from economic activities compared to their non-disabled counterparts. Educational attainment, type, and severity of disability significantly affect employment prospects. Notably, individuals with visual impairments have slightly better employment opportunities than those with other disabilities, which aligns with international findings.   Conclusion: The study underscores the necessity for targeted government interventions to improve healthcare, provide assistive devices, enhance educational opportunities, and create accessible public facilities. Recommendations include legal protections against discrimination, social empowerment programs, and active roles for social workers in rehabilitation and empowerment efforts. The research advocates for inclusive policies and practices to bridge the employment gap and promote equitable participation in the labor market, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals.