The Shift to the 5.0 Revolution: The Challenges of Public Education in Costa Rica

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study was to understand the causes and effects contributing to a specific phenomenon.   Theoretical Framework: The study is contextualized within the realm of virtual education and digital transformation, emphasizing the need for a more active and dynamic approach in state support for students.   Method: In-depth interviews and a bibliometric review were employed to identify key factors and comprehend the phenomenon under investigation.   Result: It was found that students demand more active and dynamic state support, with measurable objectives, in line with the online teaching model and digital transformation goals.   Discussion: It was concluded that the success of virtual education requires an agile, flexible, and dynamic teaching model that aligns with national objectives.   Research Implications: This study suggests the need for reforms in virtual education to align with national digital transformation goals. Additionally, it underscores the importance of a more dynamic and measurable approach in state support for students.   Originality/Value: The combination of qualitative methods and bibliometric review provides a unique perspective on the challenges and opportunities in virtual education, representing a significant contribution to both academia and educational policies.