In Vitro Callogenesis of Murici-Pitanga (Byrsonima gardneriana a. Juss.) Malpighiaceae

Abstract

Objective: The present work aimed to evaluate the callogenesis of murici-pitanga in different explants and growth regulators. since this species has great medicinal, environmental and economic importance, however the cultivation process and extractivism make its propagation difficult. Therefore, in vitro cultivation provides conditions that can optimize its propagation. Among the techniques used in in vitro micropropagation, callogenesis allows the regeneration of tissues, organs or plants, becoming a cultivation alternative for the species under study.   Method: Explants from seedlings cultivated in vitro were inoculated in MS 1/2 medium with different types, concentrations and combinations of growth regulators, namely: zygotic embryos under 6-benzylaminopurine x α-naphthaleneacetic acid (BAP x ANA) (0.0 ; 11.1, 22.2 and 44.4 µM); leaf and stem segments under NAA (0.0; 13.42; 26.85 and 40.27 µM) and root and leaf segments under 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.0; 2. 26; 4.52; 9.05 and 18.10 µM), with subcultures in cell suspensions (0.0; 4.52; 9.05; 18.10 and 3620 µM) and callus growth curve (4. 52 µM).   Resultsandconclusion: The percentage of induction and mass of fresh callus matter were evaluated. The callogenesis of murici-pitanga occurs more efficiently in the root segment in a medium supplemented with 4.52 µM of 2,4-D. Where, the calluses presented friable characteristics, in addition to better averages of induction percentage and fresh matter mass. For cell suspension, a concentration of 4.52 µM of 2,4-D is indicated, and in the growth curve, the best period for callus subculture may occur on the 56th day of cultivation, established based on the callus growth pattern sigmoidal with three distinct phases. Therefore, the murici-pitanga can be regenerated through calluses originating from root segments.   Originality/value: Studies that address the in vitro propagation of murici-pitanga are scarce, and the present work reports significant results, with new explant options and different types of growth regulators to be used. In addition to advances in studies of callus subcultures with great potential for regeneration. These results become important, since the species needs techniques that facilitate its propagation, and could support future morphogenetic studies, obtaining secondary metabolites, in addition to establishing a regeneration protocol via somatic embryogenesis.