GENETIC VARIATION AND HERITABILITY ESTIMATES IN CHICKPEA SEEDLING TRAITS: IMPLICATIONS FOR BREEDING PROGRAMS

Abstract

Chickpea, also known as Bengal gram, Channa, or garbanzo bean, is a vital pulse crop that offers wholesome food to the growing population. Originating from modern-day southeast Turkey and Syria, chickpea germplasm is abundant in Ethiopia, serving as a secondary centre of genetic diversity for various dietary legumes. Two main varieties are desi and Kabuli. A study at the University of Punjab Lahore found significant genetic variations in chickpea seedlings, with high genetic components and a broad-sense heritability of 87.04%. Root length showed a significant genotypic effect, with a PCV of 16.39% and a larger GCV than SL. The root-to-seedling length ratio showed a significant genotypic variance, with a heritability estimate of 69.98% and a genetic advance of 5.740%. Seedling biomass did not show significant genotypic variation. Leaf characteristics showed substantial genotypic differences, indicating extensive genetic heterogeneity. The correlation matrix showed substantial correlations between seven qualities in chickpea seedlings, suggesting genetic and physiological links between the qualities. These findings can inform breeding efforts, improve breeding programs, and generate new varieties with improved features.