Relationship between Anti-Müllerian Hormone, Antral Follicle Count, Thyroid Hormone, Age and BMI in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

Background: One of the most prevalent endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age is Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The long-term health issues it can create in women, like obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and most significantly, infertility, are what make it so problematic.  Methods: Between July 2022 to the end of October 2022, Dr. Youssef Al-Hussein Center for Fertility and Infertility Treatment in Tartous conducted this study with two groups: patients (83) and healthy women (67). Blood samples were collected from patients and healthy subjects, and laboratory analyses were performed, including Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) using Cobas e 411 devices, TSH analysis using an I chroma device, and AFC measuring using a transvaginal ultrasound probe.  Results: The levels of AMH and each factor (physical activity, smoking, TSH and BMI) did not significantly differ according to the statistical tests (P>0.05), but there was a clear statistical difference (P<0.05) in the relationship of AMH with age, showing that AMH decreased with advancing age. The association between AMH and AFC, where AMH was the quantitative expression of the antral follicle count (AFC), also showed a significant difference.  Conclusion: Smoking and physical activity had no impact on AMH levels, and neither did BMI or TSH levels. However, age clearly had an impact on AMH, and AMH was the quantitative representation of AFC.