Design and Implementation of Multi-Node CO Air Quality Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network and Internet of Things Integrated with Solar Panel

Abstract

The increase in air pollution due to industrialization and transportation growth in developing countries raises concerns about public health impacts and financial burdens for governments. Traditional monitoring equipment is limited in deployment and real-time capabilities. This research aims to design an air quality monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT) integrated with solar panels. The system utilizes three sensor nodes and one sink node to monitor parameters such as temperature, humidity, and CO. Data from the sensor nodes are transmitted to the sink node via Long Range (LoRa) network, then sent to the server via WiFi for storage and online display, processed into graphs accompanied by Air Quality Index (AQI) to facilitate data analysis. Sensor calibration is conducted using standard equipment and AQMS. Calibration results show a high correlation between the sensors and standard equipment, with R2 approaching 1 for all sensors. The system is tested in the environment of the Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, and shows good average air quality results. This system is expected to contribute effectively and efficiently to maintaining and improving air quality.