Extracting and Characterizing Lactic Acid Bacteria from Human Milk

Abstract

The greatest diet for babies is breast milk since it meets all of their nutritional needs and promotes healthy growth and development. Human milk contains thousands of different bacteria, the most prevalent ones being lactobacillus and Bifido bacterium. Since the use of probiotics is growing daily, it's important to comprehend their properties and health advantages. The combination of protein, fats, carbs, lipids, minerals, and vitamins found in breast milk helps to nourish an infant's body. Additionally, the bacteria in breast milk offer defense against infections. We will learn about lactic acid bacteria from this study so that we can commercially make probiotics from strains of these bacteria without utilizing lactose, as certain people are lactose intolerant and do not consume any lactose-containing products. The purpose of this article is to identify and isolate lactic acid bacteria while also discussing the advantages of probiotics for health. To understand the role lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from human milk play in the development and health of neonates, LAB must be extracted and identified. This study's objective was to identify, characterize, and segregate LAB strains from human milk samples obtained from nursing mothers in good health. The first isolation was carried out using selective medium, and then morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterization were performed. Through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolates were identified. All things considered, the development of the neonatal gut microbiota and the overall health of infants depend on lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This review's objective is to gather the most recent data on the identification and isolation of LAB from human milk, with an emphasis on the techniques employed, the types of LAB discovered, and any potential health risks. Human milk is an essential source of beneficial bacteria, including several species of lactobacilli (LAB), due to its complex and dynamic nature. Our ability to isolate and accurately identify these germs has improved due to technological advancements in the molecular and microbiological sciences. This paper provides an extensive overview of the methods utilized to extract LAB from human milk, the genera and species that are commonly detected, and the implications of these findings for the nutrition and health of neonates.