An Assessment of the Knowledge, Practices and Attitudes towards Cholera Preventive Measures among Students at Lusaka Apex Medical University in Lusaka, Zambia

Abstract

This study investigated students' knowledge, practices, attitudes, and perceptions concerning cholera prevention, aiming to identify gaps and areas for improvement in public health education and intervention strategies. Employing a cross-sectional design and quantitative research approaches, data were collected from 384 participants at Lusaka Apex Medical University, Chalala Campus, located in Lusaka, Zambia. Findings revealed that 62.9% of respondents had received cholera prevention education, indicating commendable efforts, but significant knowledge gaps persisted, potentially increasing susceptibility to outbreaks. While 25.7% demonstrated a profound understanding, 17.1% remained neutral, and 5.7% admitted to lacking knowledge, underscoring the need for comprehensive educational initiatives. Additionally, 60.0% correctly identified all common cholera symptoms, highlighting the importance of ongoing education. Although 60.0% identified all key prevention methods, targeted campaigns are needed to address knowledge disparities. While 40.0% of students consistently washed hands, 20.0% did so sporadically, necessitating interventions. Boiling water emerged as a prevalent safety measure (34.3%), emphasizing the need for enhanced education. Concerning attitudes, 28.6% expressed high concern about cholera, and 51.4% strongly agreed on the importance of prevention, indicating potential areas for targeted interventions. Despite 71.4% seeking medical attention for cholera-like symptoms, 28.6% did not, emphasizing the importance of promoting timely intervention. Various sources, including healthcare professionals (34.3%) and the internet (28.6%), contributed to cholera prevention knowledge, highlighting the significance of leveraging diverse communication channels. This study offers insights into enhancing cholera prevention efforts among students through targeted education, awareness campaigns, and improved access to healthcare services, ultimately contributing to enhanced public health outcomes.