Identifying Key Genetic Regions for Cell Sheet Morphogenesis on Chromosome 2L Using a Drosophila Deficiency Screen in Dorsal Closure

Author:

Fogerson Stephanie M1,Mortensen Richard D1,Moore Regan P23,Chiou Hellen Y1,Prabhu Neel K1,Wei Angela H1,Tsai Daniel1,Jadi Othmane1,Andoh-Baidoo Kwabena1,Crawford Janice1,Mudziviri Murotiwamambo1,Kiehart Daniel P1

Affiliation:

1. Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708

2. Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599

3. Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599, USA and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695

Abstract

Abstract Cell sheet morphogenesis is essential for metazoan development and homeostasis of animal form – it contributes to developmental milestones including gastrulation, neural tube closure, heart and palate formation and to tissue maintenance during wound healing. Dorsal closure, a well-characterized stage in Drosophila embryogenesis and a model for cell sheet morphogenesis, is a remarkably robust process during which coordination of conserved gene expression patterns and signaling cascades regulate the cellular shape changes and movements. New ‘dorsal closure genes’ continue to be discovered due to advances in imaging and genetics. Here, we extend our previous study of the right arm of the 2nd chromosome to the left arm of the 2nd chromosome using the Bloomington deficiency kit’s set of large deletions, which collectively remove 98.9% of the genes on the left arm of chromosome two (2L) to identify ‘dorsal closure deficiencies’. We successfully screened 87.2% of the genes and identified diverse dorsal closure defects in embryos homozygous for 49 deficiencies, 27 of which delete no known dorsal closure gene. These homozygous deficiencies cause defects in cell shape, canthus formation and tissue dynamics. Within these deficiencies, we have identified pimples, odd-skipped, paired, and sloppy-paired 1 as dorsal closure genes on 2L that affect lateral epidermal cells. We will continue to identify novel ‘dorsal closure genes’ with further analysis. These forward genetic screens are expected to identify new processes and pathways that contribute to closure and links between pathways and structures already known to coordinate various aspects of closure.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Genetics (clinical),Genetics,Molecular Biology

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