Author:
Bodduluri Sri Gautham,Thomas Mary,Radhakrishnan Uma,Tellakula Adithya
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuro-ophthalmology deals with complex systemic diseases that affect the visual system and pose a challenge for ophthalmologists. Here the focus is on the diseases of the nervous system that affect vision, ocular motility, or pupillary reflexes. Diplopia, a common symptom of cranial nerve palsy, may result from ophthalmic, orbital, or neurologic disorders. Our study intended to determine the aetiology of ocular motor nerve palsies. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted for two years at a tertiary care centre in South India. We evaluated 30 patients who came to the Ophthalmology OPD or were admitted, after obtaining the approval of the Ethics committee. RESULTS A total number of 30 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were studied. There were 14 male and 16 female patients. The age range was 12 - 87 years with a mean age of 45 years. The highest incidence noticed was isolated sixth nerve palsy in 13 (43.3 %) patients. 11 patients had isolated third nerve palsy (36.7 %), while mixed ocular motor nerve palsies (third, fourth and sixth) were seen in 6 patients (20 %). None of them had isolated fourth nerve palsy. CONCLUSIONS The sixth nerve continued to be the most common among the ocular motor nerve palsies. Meningitis was the major cause. Diabetes and trauma, infections with CNS inflammation accounted for a majority of third nerve palsies. Multiple cranial nerve palsies had varied aetiology like HIV Infection, Tolosa Hunt Syndrome, aneurysm of intracavernous part of ICA, cavernous sinus thrombosis and trauma. The patient’s age, associated symptoms, clinical features and types of palsy are of great importance to choose appropriate radiological methods to study and treat these isolated cranial nerve palsies. KEY WORDS Diabetes, Meningitis, Oculomotor Nerve, Trochlear Nerve, Abducent Nerve, Trauma
Publisher
Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited
Reference17 articles.
1. [1] Rama V, Vimala J, Chandershekhar M, et al. Ophthalmoplegia. (A study of ninety cases). Indian J Ophthalmol 1980;28(1):13-6.
2. Causes and Prognosis in 1,000 cases;Rush;Arch Ophthalmol,1981
3. Paralysis of the third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves;Rucker;Am J Ophthalmol,1958
4. [4] Tiffin PA, MacEwen CJ, Craig EA, et al. Acquired palsy of the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves. Eye 1996;10(Pt 3):377-84.
5. [5] Menon V, Singh J, Prakash P. Aetiological patterns of ocular motor nerve palsies. Indian J Ophthalmol 1984;32(5):447-53.