Effect of Periodontal Inflammation on Haematological and Liver Function Parameters - A Comparative Clinical Study from Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of periodontium. The inflamed and ulcerated epithelium allows the entry of oral microorganisms, bacterial endotoxins, proinflammatory immune mediators, like Interleukin -1 (IL-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) into the systemic circulation, which may produce systemic effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of periodontal inflammation on haematological and liver function parameters. METHODS The clinical study was conducted among 30 patients with periodontal inflammation. Clinical parameters [plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD)], haematological [RBC count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, total leukocyte count and differential leukocyte count] and liver function parameters [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) & alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were recorded at baseline and after 1 month of scaling and root planning (SRP). RESULTS There was significant improvement in clinical parameters (P-value < 0.001), haematological parameters (P-value < 0.001), except eosinophils (P = 0.303) and basophils (P = 0.860). Changes in liver function test (LFT) parameters were found to be significant (P < 0.05) after SRP. CONCLUSIONS There is an association between periodontal inflammation and systemic parameters. KEY WORDS Periodontal Inflammation, Haematological, LFT.