A Study of the Functional Outcome of Galeazzi Fractures Treated with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation in Government Medical College Thrissur, Kerala

Abstract

BACKGROUND In a Galeazzi fracture, a distal radius shaft fracture is accompanied by a disruption of the distal radio ulnar joint (DRUJ). 3 % of all forearm fractures in children and 7 % of forearm fractures in adults are Galeazzi fractures. These may be due to direct or indirect trauma to the wrist. Mechanism of injury of a Galeazzi fracture is either due to a force applied onto the dorsolateral aspect of the forearm, or a fall on the outstretched hand with the forearm in pronation. In adults, Galeazzi fractures are treated by open reduction and compression plating of the radius and stabilization of the ulna if needed. We designed and carried out this study to find out the influence of the various factors associated with the fracture, its treatment and to find out which of these influenced the outcome. METHODS A prospective study was carried out in the Dept. of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Thrissur. All Galeazzi fractures presenting to the Orthopaedics Out Patient or Casualty during the study period were evaluated. RESULTS Post-operative rehabilitation is pivotal for ensuring an excellent functional outcome. Of all the parameters which were taken into account in the study, the only ones which made a difference was the period of immobilization in plaster cast given. Early mobilization yielded better functional result. CONCLUSIONS 25 cases Galeazzi fractures treated by open reduction done in our institution were followed up till union. The results were assessed with reference to the various parameters affecting fracture healing. Of all the factors which were considered, only the timing of removal of plaster and the physiotherapy given made any difference in the final functional result. KEY WORDS Galeazzi, Open Reduction, Forearm Fractures, Quick Dash Score, Functional Result.