A Study of Surfactant on 100 Preterm and Late Preterm Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome Admitted in Paediatric Department During the Period January 2018 - June 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common condition in preterm and late preterm neonates with age less than or equal to 34 weeks or weight < 1.5 kgs need some intervention like intubation, and administration of surfactant. Early administration of surfactant can give better outcome. We wanted to assess the outcome of babies administered with surfactant. METHODS New-born babies with respiratory distress admitted to NICU, Department of Paediatric, King George Hospital, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, were enrolled in this case control study. A total of 100 neonates of both sexes who were admitted with respiratory distress syndrome of < 35 weeks and < 1.5 kg were included in the study. RESULTS Out of 100 neonates, most of the neonates 34 (66.6 %) in the surfactant group and 37 (75.0 %) neonates in the control group were between 30wks to 32wks of GA respectively. 12 (25.0 %) in the surfactant group and 10(19.4 %) in the control group were between 27wks. to 29 wks. of GA respectively. Very less 4 (11.76 %) in the surfactant group and 3 (8.10 %) in the control group were between 32 wks. of GA to 35 weeks respectively. CONCLUSIONS The study concludes that among spontaneously breathing premature infants treated with INSURE, decreases the need for subsequent MV by 22 %. The higher birth weight, the use of antenatal steroids, the lower RDS score at the time of procedure and the early use of surfactant are the good predictors in the INSURE success group. KEY WORDS RDS, Preterm, Intubation, Surfactant (INSURE), GA (Gestational age), MV (Mechanical ventilation), Pulmonary Haemorrhage, CPAP.