Cluster Headache - Incidence and Its Association with Age, Gender and Triggers

Abstract

BACKGROUND Cluster headache is an unusual but particularly painful and crippling primary headache disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 1000 making study of the disease process a difficult task to master. These headaches are always unilateral characterised by recurrent short-lasting attacks of 15 - 180 minutes associated with ipsilateral autonomic signs. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, and it continues to be managed sub optimally as the chance of coming across such a condition is few and far between. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of cluster headache in a hospital population and study its association with age, gender and triggers. METHODS This is a cross sectional study of a total of 100 patients attending our Otorhinolaryngology department from June 2017 to June 2018 at Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital & Research Centre with primary complaints of headache. Prior ethical committee clearance was obtained. Patients with chronic debilitating illness, chronic rhino sinusitis, headache following trauma or the presence of fever or any other acute illness were excluded from this study. The results were interpreted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. RESULTS Out of the total number of 100 patients with headache, only one patient, a 40-yearold male was diagnosed with cluster headache. CONCLUSIONS Hence, we conclude that the incidence of cluster headache in the total of 100 patients is only 1 % which makes it a quite rare condition. Diagnosis is clinical, hence effective history taking is mandatory. KEY WORDS Cluster Headache, Primary Headache, Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgia, Cluster Attacks