Affiliation:
1. 1R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc., Norwalk, Connecticut 06855; email: rcash@rtvanderbilt.com
Abstract
Abstract
For applications demanding the best high temperature aging performance with lowest compression set, polymers are crosslinked with peroxides. The carbon-carbon bonds that are formed are more thermally stable than crosslinks containing sulfur atoms generated by conventional vulcanization by sulfur- and sulfur based cure systems.
However, peroxide crosslinking requires special attention to the selection of compounding ingredients. Materials such as plasticizers, oils, and acidic materials such as silicas and air-floated clays detract from crosslinking efficiency by competing with the polymer for the free radicals produced by peroxides. Antioxidants, as a class, are free-radical scavengers and inhibit peroxide crosslinking.
This paper discusses selecting the best antioxidant systems for peroxide cured elastomers by comparing various classes of antidegradants: peroxy and alkoxy radical traps (amines and hindered phenols), hydroperoxide decomposers, and synergists. Among the most effective include: 1) a quinoline polymerized 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline 2) an amine, p-dicumyl-diphenylamine, 3) a hindered phenol, tetrakis (metylene (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamate)) methane, and 4) a dithiocarbamate, nickel dimethyl-dithiocarbamate. For optimum performance, these are used in combination with the synergist, zinc-2-mercaptotoluimidazole.
Also presented is an antioxidant system optimization study using a statistically designed experiment.
Subject
Materials Chemistry,Polymers and Plastics
Cited by
31 articles.
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