Analysis of Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Level and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (Homa-IR) Value in Obese Children

Abstract

Background: Obesity is the excessive growth of adipose tissue arising from chronic consumption of calories in excess of the individual's energy requirements. Insulin resistance is significantly associated with obesity and the risk of metabolic disease in children. Diabetes mellitus can be avoided by preventing insulin resistance in obese children. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can be indicators of insulin resistance. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze HbA1c levels and HOMA-IR values in obese children. Method: The research was a cross-sectional study. The research was conducted from November to December of 2021, targeting middle and high school students in Makassar, aged 11 to 18 years who had met the inclusion criteria. The research samples were divided into two groups, namely the group of obese children and the group of non-obese children. Results: The research subjects consisted of 30 obese children and 30 non-obese children. There is no significant difference in gender and age. There is no significant difference between the HbA1c groups ≥ 5.7% in obese and non-obese children with p= 0.052. At the level of HOMA-IR ≥2.5, there is a difference in several obese (33.3%) and non-obese (3.3%) children with p= 0.008 and OR (95%) = 14.5 (1.718-122.39). The analysis of the correlation between HbA1c and HOMA-IR obtained p value = 0.012, with a value of r= 0.452. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between HbA1c and HOMA-IR in obese children. The higher the HbA1c level, the greater the risk of insulin resistance in obese children will be. Keywords: HbA1c, HOMA-IR, Child, Obese.