Genetic Predisposition, Sedentary Behavior, and Incident Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective Chinese Cohort Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose Whether the association of sedentary behaviors with coronary artery disease (CAD) can be influenced by genetic susceptibility remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the joint and interplay effects between genetic risk and sedentary time (ST) and to further explore the extent to which the risk for CAD can be counteracted by reducing ST in different genetic groups. Methods This prospective cohort study included 39,164 Chinese adults without CAD history. Genetic susceptibility was quantified by a predefined polygenic risk score (PRS) with 540 genetic variants, and daily ST was assessed by questionnaire. We analyzed the modification effect of genetic risk on the association of ST with CAD using the Cox proportional hazards models. Results During a median follow-up of 11.60 yr, 1156 CAD events were documented. Higher ST and PRS were separately related to elevated CAD risk. Significant additive interaction was also observed (relative excess risk due to interaction: 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.27–1.28). Compared with participants with low genetic risk and low ST (<6 h·d−1), those with high genetic risk and high ST (≥10 h·d−1) had the highest CAD risk, with the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of 4.22 (2.65–6.71). When stratified by genetic risks, participants with high ST had gradient increment of CAD risks across low, intermediate, and high genetic risk groups, with HR (95% CI) values of 1.21 (0.61–2.40), 1.57 (1.14–2.16), and 2.15 (1.40–3.31), respectively. For the absolute risk reduction, individuals with high genetic risk achieved the greatest benefit from low ST (P trend = 0.024). Conclusions Genetic susceptibility may synergistically interact with ST to increase CAD risk. Reducing ST could attenuate the CAD risk, especially among individuals with high genetic risk.