Physical Activity Levels (PAL) in US Adults—2019

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose Physical activity levels (PAL) are associated with mortality risk and were instrumental in estimating national energy requirements, but we are unaware of population-based estimates of PAL in US adults. Thus, we conducted a nationwide survey using a validated previous-day recall method to estimate PAL and the behavioral determinants of low and higher PAL. Methods Participants from the AmeriSpeak panel 20–75 yr of age (N = 2640) completed Activities Completed over Time in 24-hours previous-day recalls. PAL values were estimated as the average metabolic equivalent value over 24 h. Recalls were conducted on randomly selected days in October and November 2019. Survey sample design weights were applied to reflect the US population. Results Mean age was 45.3 yr, 51% were female, 67% were non-Hispanic White, and 37% had a body mass index of ≥30 kg·m−2. US adults reported a mean PAL of 1.63 (95% confidence interval, 1.60–1.65), and 39% (37%–42%) of adults reported PAL ≥1.6 on a given day. Men reported higher PAL than women (1.67 vs 1.59), and older adults reported lower PAL. Adults with PAL <1.4 spent 81% (12.1 h·d−1) of their waking day sedentary and 19% (2.7 h·d−1) in total physical activity. Adults with PAL considered to be “active”(1.6–1.89) spent only 49% (8.0 h·d−1) of their waking day sedentary, and 51% (8.3 h·d−1) physically active. Conclusions Our study provides novel estimates of PAL in a nationwide sample of US adults and a description of the type and intensity of sedentary and physically active behaviors contributing to low and higher PAL. These findings may inform public health messages aimed at increasing physical activity in adults and potentially contribute to obesity prevention efforts.