SECULAR TRENDS IN BODY HEIGHT AND BODY MASS OF SLOVENIAN YOUNG ADULTS FROM 1954 TO 2019

Abstract

Secular trends in body height and body mass serve as critical indicators of a population's nutrition, health, and overall well-being. This comprehensive study delves into the anthropometric data of Slovenian young adults spanning a remarkable 65-year period, comparing these findings with secular trends observed in other populations. Data acquisition was accomplished through the utilization of the SLOfit system and the integration of earlier research studies in Slovenia. Height and body mass measurements were collected employing standardized methodologies. Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) were harnessed to derive centile curves and establish reference values. Slovenian males consistently grew taller than females, reaching their peak in 2019. Young Slovenian adults continue to grow taller and gain more body mass, with substantial changes in recent years. The largest changes in body mass in both males and females occurred in years between 2015 and 2019, with wider spreads in mass centiles in these years compared to the beginning of the observed period. Healthcare and diet improvements likely contributed to increased body mass, yet sedentary lifestyles and altered diets may also be involved. This research enhances our understanding of environmental, and socio-economic factors in human growth, with implications for public health policies and long-term planning. While this study spans 65 years, it faces limitations in measurement consistency and demographic data. Future research should explore region-specific influences on these trends. In conclusion, monitoring secular trends in body height and body mass is crucial for evidence-based policymaking, health planning, and public health interventions, enabling the promotion of healthy lifestyles and the proactive management of emerging health challenges.