Fecal bacteria and short‐chain fatty acids in irritable bowel syndrome: Relations to subtype

Author:

Teige Erica Sande12,Hillestad Eline Margrete Randulff12ORCID,Steinsvik Elisabeth Kjelsvik2,Brønstad Ingeborg2,Lundervold Arvid34ORCID,Lundervold Astri J.5ORCID,Valeur Jørgen67,Hausken Trygve12,Berentsen Birgitte2,Lied Gülen Arslan12

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway

2. National Centre for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway

3. Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway

4. Department of Biomedicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway

5. Department of Biological and Medical Psychology University of Bergen Bergen Norway

6. Unger‐Vetlesen Institute Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital Oslo Oslo Norway

7. Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between gut microbiota and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) subtype is unclear. We aimed to explore whether differences in fecal bacteria composition and short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels were associated with subtypes and symptoms of IBS.MethodsAll participants delivered fecal samples and self‐reports on IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS‐SSS), Bristol Stool Scale (BSS), and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS). Fecal bacteria composition was assessed by the GA‐map® Dysbiosis Test based on 16S rRNA sequences of bacterial species/groups. SCFAs were analyzed by vacuum distillation followed by gas chromatography.Key ResultsSixty patients with IBS were included (mean age 38 years, 46 [77%] females): Twenty‐one patients were classified as IBS‐D (diarrhea), 31 IBS‐M (mixed diarrhea and constipation), and eight IBS‐C (constipation). Forty‐two healthy controls (HCs) (mean age 35 years, 27 [64%] females) were included. Patients had a significantly higher relative frequency of dysbiosis, lower levels of Actinobacteria, and higher levels of Bacilli than HCs. Eight bacterial markers were significantly different across IBS subgroups and HCs, and 13 bacterial markers were weakly correlated with IBS symptoms. Clostridia and Veillonella spp. had a weak negative correlation with constipation scores (GSRS) and a weak positive correlation with loose stools (BSS). Diarrhea scores (GSRS) and looser stool (BSS) were weakly correlated with levels of total SCFAs, acetic and butyric acid. Levels of total SCFAs and acetic acid were weakly correlated with symptom severity (IBS‐SSS).Conclusions & InferencesPatients with IBS had a different fecal bacteria composition compared to HCs, and alterations of SCFAs may contribute to the subtype.

Publisher

Wiley

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