1. Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, and Clinical nurse consultant, Department of Surgery/Critical Care Clinic; Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
2. Department of Nursing Science; University of Turku; Turun Yliopisto Finland
3. Helsinki University Hospital/ICU 20; Helsinki Finland
4. Department of surgery; Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
5. Department of Nursing Science; University of Turku, Finland and Nurse Manager, Turku University Hospital; Turku Finland