1. For a good summary of the shortcomings of many objections to PEDs, see Angela J. Schneider and Robert B. Butcher, "A Philosophical Overview of the Arguments on Banning Doping in Sport," inValues in Sport, ed. Torbjorn Tannsjo and Claudio Tamburrini (London: E & FN Spon, 2000), 185-96.
2. Paternalism, Drugs, and the Nature of Sports
3. On Performance-Enhancing Substances and the Unfair Advantage Argument
4. For a detailed account of the harmful effects of different kinds of PEDs, see British Medical Association Board of Science and Education,Drugs in Sport: The Pressure to Perform(London: British Medical Journal Books, 2002), chap. 3.