Drug disposal deserts: An assessment of receptacle availability in Kentucky community pharmacies

Author:

Miracle Dustin K.1ORCID,Smith Noah1,Slavova Svetla2,Stinson Laura K.3,Roberts Monica F.3,Rock Peter3,Walsh Sharon L.45,Freeman Patricia R.16

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington Kentucky USA

2. Department of Biostatistics University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA

3. Substance Use Priority Research Area University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA

4. Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA

5. Center on Drug and Alcohol Research University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA

6. Center for the Advancement of Pharmacy Practice University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy Lexington Kentucky USA

Abstract

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe the county‐level availability of drug disposal receptacles in Kentucky community pharmacies and show the relationship between installed receptacles and opioid analgesic (OA)/controlled substance dispensing rates, stratifying where possible by urban‐rural classification.MethodsUsing 2020 data from the Kentucky All Schedule Prescription Electronic Reporting program and disposal receptacle data from the US Drug Enforcement Agency, county‐level comparisons were made between number of receptacles and OA/controlled substance dispensing rates. Logistic and negative binomial regression models were used to assess for differences between rural/urban county designation and odds of ≥1 disposal receptacle and compare the rates of receptacles per dispensed OA dose in rural/urban counties.FindingsWhile rural counties saw higher OA and controlled substance dispensing rates, the majority (55.6%) of disposal receptacles were in urban locations. The odds of having at least 1 receptacle were higher in urban counties (OR 2.60, 95% CI: 1.15, 5.92) compared to rural. The estimated rate of disposal receptacles per million dispensed OA doses was found to be 0.47 (95% CI: 0.36, 0.61) in urban counties compared to 0.32 (95% CI: 0.25, 0.42) in rural counties, with an estimated rate ratio of 1.45 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.10).ConclusionsA mismatch between the availability of county‐level disposal receptacles in community pharmacies and the volume of dispensed OAs/controlled substances exists, resulting in fewer receptacles per dispensed OA in rural counties compared to urban counties. Future efforts are necessary to increase access to convenient disposal receptacles located in community pharmacies, particularly in rural communities.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference34 articles.

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5. Vital signs: variation among states in prescribing of opioid pain relievers and benzodiazepines ‐ United States, 2012;Paulozzi LJ;MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2014

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