Rarity mediates species‐specific responses of tropical reef fishes to protection

Author:

Sanchez Loïc12ORCID,Loiseau Nicolas1,Edgar Graham J.3,Hautecoeur Cyril1,Leprieur Fabien14ORCID,Manel Stéphanie45,McLean Matthew6,Stuart‐Smith Rick D.3,Velez Laure1,Mouillot David14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD Montpellier France

2. CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France

3. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia

4. Institut Universitaire de France Paris France

5. CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE‐PSL University, IRD Montpellier France

6. Department of Biology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada

Abstract

AbstractMarine protected areas (MPAs) are the most widely applied tool for marine biodiversity conservation, yet many gaps remain in our understanding of their species‐specific effects, partly because the socio‐environmental context and spatial autocorrelation may blur and bias perceived conservation outcomes. Based on a large data set of nearly 3000 marine fish surveys spanning all tropical regions of the world, we build spatially explicit models for 658 fish species to estimate species‐specific responses to protection while controlling for the environmental, habitat and socio‐economic contexts experienced across their geographic ranges. We show that the species responses are highly variable, with ~40% of fishes not benefitting from protection. When investigating how traits influence species' responses, we find that rare top‐predators and small herbivores benefit the most from MPAs while mid‐trophic level species benefit to a lesser extent, and rare large herbivores experience adverse effects, indicating potential trophic cascades.

Publisher

Wiley

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