The influence of ruthenium on vascular tone

Abstract

Abstract Objectives Over the past few years, ruthenium has been under attention for development of organometallic drugs with various therapeutic applications. Because of its favourable characteristics, ruthenium is perfectly suitable for drug design. Ruthenium-containing complexes exert a wide range of biological effects. However, so far, the influence of ruthenium itself on vascular tone has never been studied. Methods The effect of ruthenium was analysed through organ bath studies measuring isometric tension on mice thoracic aorta. After obtaining a stable contraction plateau, cumulative concentration-response curves of the ruthenium-compounds (RuCl3, Ruthenium Red, [RuCl2(CO)3]2 and RuCl2(DMSO)4) (30–600 μmol/l) were performed. The effect of RuCl3 after contraction with different contractile agents was evaluated. Furthermore, the influence of ruthenium-containing molecules on endogenous (acetylcholine) and exogenous (sodium nitroprusside) NO-mediated relaxations was determined. Key findings All studied ruthenium compounds elicit, to some extent, a decrease of the contraction level. Looking further into the underlying mechanism, we found that RuCl3 relaxes aortic rings only when contracted with norepinephrine. This RuCl3-induced relaxation can be prevented by the antioxidants ascorbic acid and N-acetyl L-cysteine. In addition, ruthenium compounds may diminish acetylcholine- or sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxations. Conclusions Ruthenium-containing molecules can influence vascular tone induced by norepinephrine due to oxidative inactivation. Moreover, they can undermine NO-mediated responses. This should be considered when developing ruthenium-containing drugs.