Plant functional types and tissue stoichiometry explain nutrient transfer in common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks of temperate grasslands

Author:

Dawson Hilary Rose123ORCID,Shek Katherine L.124ORCID,Maxwell Toby M.15ORCID,Reed Paul B.126ORCID,Bomfim Barbara17ORCID,Bridgham Scott D.12ORCID,Bohannan Brendan J. M.12ORCID,Silva Lucas C. R.128ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA

2. Department of Biology University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA

3. Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia

4. Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire USA

5. Department of Biological Sciences Boise State University Boise Idaho USA

6. Institute for Applied Ecology Corvallis Oregon USA

7. Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA

8. Environmental Studies Program University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USA

Abstract

Abstract Plants and mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic relationships that affect how resources flow between organisms and within ecosystems. Common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) could facilitate preferential transfer of carbon and limiting nutrients, but this remains difficult to predict. Do CMNs favour fungal resource acquisition at the expense of plant resource demands (a fungi‐centric view), or are they passive channels through which plants regulate resource fluxes (a plant‐centric view)? We used stable isotope tracers (13CO2 and 15NH3), plant traits, and mycorrhizal DNA to quantify above‐ and below‐ground carbon and nitrogen transfer between 18 plant species along a 520‐km latitudinal gradient in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Plant functional type and tissue stoichiometry were the most important predictors of interspecific resource transfer. Of ‘donor’ plants, 98% were 13C‐enriched, but we detected transfer in only 2% of ‘receiver’ plants. However, all donors were 15N‐enriched and we detected transfer in 81% of receivers. Nitrogen was preferentially transferred to annuals (0.26 ± 0.50 mg N per g leaf mass) compared with perennials (0.13 ± 0.30 mg N per g leaf mass). This corresponded with tissue stoichiometry differences. Synthesis Our findings suggest that plants and fungi that are located closer together in space and with stronger demand for resources over time are more likely to receive larger amounts of those limiting resources. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Funder

Innovation and Technology Ecosystems

Division of Environmental Biology

Division of Integrative Organismal Systems

Publisher

Wiley

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