Both IgA subclasses are reduced in parotid saliva from patients with AIDS

Author:

MÜLLER F12,FRØLAND S S3,HVATUM M1,RADL J4,BRANDTZAEG P1

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT), Institute of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway

2. Kaptein W. Wilhelmsen og frues Institute of Bacteriology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway

3. Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases. Medical Department A, University of Oslo. The National Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway

4. TNO Institute of Experimental Gerontology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands

Abstract

SUMMARY Secretory IgA (SIgA), the isotypes IgA1 and IgA2, and IgM were measured by ELISA in stimulated parotid saliva from patients with AIDS (n= 16), subjects with asymptomatic HIV infection (n= 28), and HIV-seronegative healthy controls (n= 19), SIgA was significantly reduced in the AIDS group (10.4 μg/ml) compared with the asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects (17.1 μg/ml) and the controls (23.0 μg/ml). This decrease comprised both IgA1 and IgA2 to a similar extent on a relative basis. The SIgA decrease in AIDS patients was in striking contrast to their serum IgA level, which was significantly increased (6.9 g/I) compared with the asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects (2.9 g/I) as well as the controls (2.8 g/I). Low parotid output of SIgA in patients with HIV infection was associated with low numbers of CD4+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood as well as the presence of oral infections. The parotid output of IgM was similar in all groups. A low level of SIgA in the external secretions of patients with AIDS may well contribute to their frequent mucosal infections of opportunistic microorganisms.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

Reference29 articles.

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2. Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) in saliva of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and in persons at risk for AIDS.;Archibald;Blood,1986

3. Jacalin, the human IgA1 and IgD precipitating protein, also binds IgA2 of both allotypes;Aucouturier;J. immunol. Methods,1988

4. Human secretory immunoglobulins. III. Immunochemical and physicochemical studies of secretory IgA and free secretory piece;Brandtzaeg;Acta Pathol. mirobiol. Scand. [B],1971

5. Human secretory immunoglobulins. II. Salivary secretions from individuals with selectively excessive or defective synthesis of serum immunoglobulins;Brandtzaeg;Clin. exp. Immunol.,1971

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