Subject
Earth-Surface Processes,Geography, Planning and Development
Reference44 articles.
1. 1. In 1963 it was announced that a successful revolution had occurred in geography marrying quantitative methods and theory. The evocative use of the analogy of a completed revolution seems to have had the unfortunate result of stifling further critical evaluation of the nature of the changes that were taking place in geography by clearly implying that opposition to the "revolution" would be indefensible. See, Ian Burton "The Quantitative Revolution and Theoretical Geography," Can. Geog. vn/4 (1963 ), 151 -62 .
2. 2. On the assumption that any evaluation of the work of the new geographers must be based on their own professed scientific objectives the word "science" has been employed in a narrower sense than the writer would expect to find acceptable to geographers as a whole. The writer in no way wishes to imply that the only alternative to a narrowly conceived scientific geography is geography conceived of as an art. For a recent investigation into a non-positivist philosophical foundation for geography consult Edward Relph, "An Inquiry into the Relations between Phenomenology and Geography," Can. Geog. xiv/3 (1970). 193-201.
3. 3. This evaluation of the aims and methods of the new geography has, to a large extent, been based on the methodological writings of the following people: Peter Haggett, Richard Chorley, David Harvey, Brian Berry, William Bunge, Edward Ackerman, and Ian Burton All these geographers leave absolutely no doubt that they consider geography to be a science that is essentially similar to other sciences in its approach and methods. Their views on this question can be consulted in their many books and articles cited in this paper.
4. 4. Carl Hempel , "Aspects of Scientific Explanation," in Carl Hempel, Aspects of Scientific Explanation (New York: The Free Press,1965 ), p.336 .
5. 5. There is, however, a pragmatic distinction between them. In an explanation the event is given and it is the determining conditions and relevant laws that are sought. In a prediction the occurrence of a future event is deduced from the determining conditions and relevant laws.
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