Microbial life‐history strategies mediate microbial carbon pump efficacy in response to N management depending on stoichiometry of microbial demand

Author:

Yang Liyang1,Canarini Alberto2ORCID,Zhang Wushuai3,Lang Ming3,Chen Yuanxue4,Cui Zhenling1ORCID,Kuzyakov Yakov5ORCID,Richter Andreas2,Chen Xinping3,Zhang Fusuo1,Tian Jing1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China

2. Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria

3. College of Resources and Environment, Academy of Agricultural Science, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin Southwest University Chongqing China

4. College of Resources and Environment Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China

5. Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany

Abstract

AbstractThe soil microbial carbon pump (MCP) is increasingly acknowledged as being directly linked to soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stability. Given the close coupling of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles and the constraints imposed by their stoichiometry on microbial growth, N addition might affect microbial growth strategies with potential consequences for necromass formation and carbon stability. However, this topic remains largely unexplored. Based on two multi‐level N fertilizer experiments over 10 years in two soils with contrasting soil fertility located in the North (Cambisol, carbon‐poor) and Southwest (Luvisol, carbon‐rich), we hypothesized that different resource demands of microorganism elicit a trade‐off in microbial growth potential (Y‐strategy) and resource‐acquisition (A‐strategy) in response to N addition, and consequently on necromass formation and soil carbon stability. We combined measurements of necromass metrics (MCP efficacy) and soil carbon stability (chemical composition and mineral associated organic carbon) with potential changes in microbial life history strategies (assessed via soil metagenomes and enzymatic activity analyses). The contribution of microbial necromass to SOC decreased with N addition in the Cambisol, but increased in the Luvisol. Soil microbial life strategies displayed two distinct responses in two soils after N amendment: shift toward A‐strategy (Cambisol) or Y‐strategy (Luvisol). These divergent responses are owing to the stoichiometric imbalance between microbial demands and resource availability for C and N, which presented very distinct patterns in the two soils. The partial correlation analysis further confirmed that high N addition aggravated stoichiometric carbon demand, shifting the microbial community strategy toward resource‐acquisition which reduced carbon stability in Cambisol. In contrast, the microbial Y‐strategy had the positive direct effect on MCP efficacy in Luvisol, which greatly enhanced carbon stability. Such findings provide mechanistic insights into the stoichiometric regulation of MCP efficacy, and how this is mediated by site‐specific trade‐offs in microbial life strategies, which contribute to improving our comprehension of soil microbial C sequestration and potential optimization of agricultural N management.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Publisher

Wiley

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