1. School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, UK;
2. Department of Biology, NTNU, N‐7491, Trondheim, Norway;
3. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;
4. Centre for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, NTNU, N‐7491, Trondheim, Norway;
5. Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, N‐0316 Oslo, Norway