1. Nursing Department; Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital; Chiayi Taiwan
2. National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science; Taipei Taiwan
3. Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine; Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital; Chiayi Taiwan
4. Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit; Mackay Memorial Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
5. Division of Cardiovascular Disease , Department of Internal Medicine; Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital; Chiayi Taiwan