Affiliation:
1. Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS) Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden
2. Section for Fish National Veterinary Institute (SVA) Uppsala Sweden
3. Institution of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Uppsala Sweden
4. Institute of Environmental Science Jagiellonian University Cracow Poland
5. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) Trondheim Norway
Abstract
AbstractThiamin is an essential water‐soluble B vitamin known for its wide range of metabolic functions and antioxidant properties. Over the past decades, reproductive failures induced by thiamin deficiency have been observed in several salmonid species worldwide, but it is unclear why this micronutrient deficiency arises. Few studies have compared thiamin concentrations in systems of salmonid populations with or without documented thiamin deficiency. Moreover, it is not well known whether and how thiamin concentration changes during the marine feeding phase and the spawning migration. Therefore, samples of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were collected when actively feeding in the open Baltic Sea, after the sea migration to natal rivers, after river migration, and during the spawning period. To compare populations of Baltic salmon with systems without documented thiamin deficiency, a population of landlocked salmon located in Lake Vänern (Sweden) was sampled as well as salmon from Norwegian rivers draining into the North Atlantic Ocean. Results showed the highest mean thiamin concentrations in Lake Vänern salmon, followed by North Atlantic, and the lowest in Baltic populations. Therefore, salmon in the Baltic Sea seem to be consistently more constrained by thiamin than those in other systems. Condition factor and body length had little to no effect on thiamin concentrations in all systems, suggesting that there is no relation between the body condition of salmon and thiamin deficiency. In our large spatiotemporal comparison of salmon populations, thiamin concentrations declined toward spawning in all studied systems, suggesting that the reduction in thiamin concentration arises as a natural consequence of starvation rather than to be related to thiamin deficiency in the system. These results suggest that factors affecting accumulation during the marine feeding phase are key for understanding the thiamin deficiency in salmonids.
Funder
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas
Vetenskapsrådet
Subject
Aquatic Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Reference92 articles.
1. Thiamine (vitamin B‐1) concentrations in salmon (Salmo salar), brown trout (Salmo trutta) and cod (Gadus morhua) from the Baltic Sea;Amcoff P.;Ambio,1999
2. Organohalogen substances in muscle, egg and blood from healthy Baltic salmon (Salmo salar) and Baltic salmon that produced offspring with the M74 syndrome;Asplund L.;Ambio,1999
3. Widespread episodic thiamine deficiency in Northern Hemisphere wildlife
4. Fitting linear mixed‐effects models using lme4;Bates D.;arXiv Preprint arXiv:1406.5823,2014
5. Reconditioning of sea‐run Baltic salmon (Salmo salar) that have produced progeny with the M74 syndrome;Börjeson H.;Ambio,1999