Affiliation:
1. School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
2. Center for Optics Research and Engineering (CORE) Key Laboratory of Laser and Infrared System of Ministry of Education Shandong University Qingdao Shandong People's Republic of China
Abstract
AbstractHigh‐temperature piezoelectric ceramics with excellent piezoelectric properties are key materials for high‐temperature piezoelectric devices. In this context, bismuth titanate–niobate (Bi3TiNbO9) is one of the most promising candidates, owing to its high Curie temperature (TC) > 900°C. However, the relatively low piezoelectric response of prototype Bi3TiNbO9 does not satisfy the requirements of high‐precision and high‐sensitivity applications. Herein, chromium‐substituted Bi3TiNbO9 with a nominal composition, Bi3Ti1−xCrxNbO9 (BTN‐100xCr), was prepared using the solid‐state reaction method. Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction refinements revealed structural distortions induced by the substitution of chromium. Piezo‐response force microscopy and ferroelectric hysteresis loops showed facile polarization reversal and domain wall movement in chromium‐substituted Bi3TiNbO9. The resultant structural distortion and domain wall movement served as intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to the enhancement of the piezoelectric properties, respectively. Consequently, BTN‐1.5Cr exhibits a high piezoelectric constant (d33) of 17.7 pC/N, which is four times that of Bi3TiNbO9 (4.2 pC/N), a high TC of 908°C, and an excellent thermal stability of piezoelectric and electromechanical coupling properties up to 500°C. These results indicate that chromium substitution enhances the high‐temperature piezoelectric properties of Bi3TiNbO9, and chromium‐substituted Bi3TiNbO9 is a promising candidate for high‐temperature piezoelectric applications.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials