Antiproliferative and antimicrobial efficacy of the compounds isolated from the roots of Oenothera biennis L.

Author:

Singh Shilpi12,Dubey Vijaya12,Singh Dhananjay Kumar1,Fatima Kaneez12,Ahmad Ateeque23,Luqman Suaib12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

3. Process Chemistry and Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Abstract Background Oenothera biennis L., commonly known as evening primrose, harbours the flavonoids, steroids, tannins, fatty acids and terpenoids responsible for a diverse range of biological activity, such as antitumour, anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition to the previous reports from aerial parts of this plant, studies related to antiproliferative or antimicrobial activity from the roots are warranted. Objective To investigate antiproliferative and antimicrobial activity of compounds/mixture (1–8) isolated and characterized from the roots of O. biennis L. A possible mechanism of antiproliferative activity was also studied by targeting ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and cathepsin D (CATD). Study design Antiproliferative efficacy of the compounds/mixture was examined in selected cancer cell lines along with their probable mechanism of action. The antimicrobial activity was also studied against selected microbes (bacteria and fungi). Methods Antiproliferative potential was evaluated by MTT assay against selected cell lines. The mechanism of action was studied spectrophotometrically by targeting ODC and CATD using both an in-vitro and an in-silico approach. The antimicrobial efficiency was analysed using the disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. Key findings Oenotheralanosterol B (3) and the mixture of oenotheralanosterol A and oenotheralanosterol B (4) exhibited antiproliferative activity against breast, hepatic, prostate and leukaemia cancer cell lines as well as in mouse macrophages (IC50 8.35–49.69 μg/ml). Oenotheralanosterol B (3) and the mixture of oenotheralanosterol A and oenotheralanosterol B (4) displayed a strong molecular interaction with succinate dehydrogenase (binding energy −6.23 and −6.84 kcal/mol and Ki 27.03 and 9.6 μm, respectively). Oenotheralanosterol A (1), oenotheralanosterol B (3) and mixture of oenotheralanosterol A and oenotheralanosterol B (4) potently inhibited the ODC activity with IC50 ranging from 4.65 ± 0.35 to 19.06 ± 4.16 μg/ml and also showed a strong interaction with ODC (BE −4.17 to −4.46 kcal/mol). Oenotheralanosterol A (1), cetoleilyl diglucoside (2), oenotheralanosterol B (3), dihydroxyprenylxanthone acetylated (6) and dihydroxyprenylxanthone (7) inhibited CATD activity (IC50 3.95 ± 0.49 to 24.35 ± 2.89 μg/ml). The in-silico molecular interaction analysis of compounds with CATD revealed the non-specific interaction. A moderate antimicrobial activity was observed against selected microbes with a growth inhibition ranging from 6 to 14 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration between 125 and 500 μg/ml. Oenotheralanosterol B (3) and dihydroxyprenylxanthone acetylated (6) exhibited better antimicrobial activity with an MIC range from 62.50 to 500 μg/ml. Conclusion Oenotheralanosterol B (3) exhibited stronger antiproliferative and antimicrobial potential with respect to the other compounds tested, whereas oenotheralanosterol A (1) was a potent inhibitor of ODC and CATD. Hence, it is suggested that these in-vitro findings could be studied further in vivo for biological activity, safety evaluation and derivatization to enhance potency and efficacy.

Funder

CSIR-CIMAP

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Pharmaceutical Science,Pharmacology

Reference41 articles.

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2. Chemical composition, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts prepared from aerial parts of Oenothera biennis L. and Oenothera paradoxa Hudziok obtained after seeds cultivation;Granica;J Agric Food Chem,2013

3. Chemistry and pharmacology of the evening primrose Oenothera biennis and related species—a review;Srivastava;J Med Aromat Plant Sci,1998

4. Evening primrose (Oenothera spp.) oil and seed;Hudson;J Am Oil Chem Soc,1984

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