1. Laboratory for Computational Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington Indiana USA
2. Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University Shanghai China
3. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education Shanghai China
4. Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shanghai China
5. Lerner Center for Public Health Promotion, Aging Studies Institute, Department of Sociology, and Maxwell School of Citizenship & Public Affairs Syracuse University Syracuse New York USA
6. Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio‐technical Systems Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts USA