Discomfort/pain due to peri‐implant probing at titanium and zirconium implants: A cross‐sectional study

Author:

Bussmeyer Florian12,Saminsky Michael3ORCID,Eickholz Peter4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Dental Practice De Liefde Amsterdam The Netherlands

2. ACTA—Academisch Centrum Tandheelkunde Amsterdam Afdeling voor Parodontologie Amsterdam The Netherlands

3. Goldschlager School of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology and Dental Implants Tel‐Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel

4. Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Department of Periodontology Goethe‐University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveThis study was designed to compare discomfort/pain after periodontal and peri‐implant probing in patients with titanium compared with zirconium implants.MethodsOne examiner recruited and examined 70 patients, each of whom had a dental implant with a contralateral tooth; 37 patients had titanium implants of various types and 33 patients had zirconium implants; one implant was analyzed for each patient. Periodontal and peri‐implant probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were assessed. Immediately after probing, patients rated their discomfort/pain with a visual analog scale (VAS). The emergence profiles of implant crowns were assessed on periapical radiographs of the implants.ResultsSeventy patients with a median age of 55 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 42–65 years), including 43 females and 16 current smokers, were examined. The mean PPD and bleeding on probing (BOP) were higher around implants than around teeth (p < .001). CAL and suppuration were well‐balanced between implants and teeth. Peri‐implant probing caused significantly more discomfort/pain than periodontal probing [median VAS score: 12.5 (IQR 4–22) vs. 9 (2–15); p < .001]. Logistic regression revealed that discomfort/pain after peri‐implant probing was less intense in patients who had taken analgesic medication (p = .021) and around titanium implants (p = .037).ConclusionsPeri‐implant probing caused significantly more discomfort/pain than periodontal probing. Patients who had taken analgesic medication experienced less discomfort and pain with peri‐implant probing than those who had not; furthermore, titanium implants were associated with less pain than zirconium implants.

Publisher

Wiley

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