Serine hydroxymethyltransferase6 is involved in growth and resistance against pathogens via ethylene and lignin production in Arabidopsis

Author:

Singh Pooja1,Kumari Aprajita1,Khaladhar Vemula Chandra1,Singh Namrata1,Pathak Pradeep Kumar1,Kumar Vinod1,Kumar Ritika Jantu1,Jain Priyanka12,Thakur Jitendra Kumar3ORCID,Fernie Alisdair R.4ORCID,Bauwe Hermann5ORCID,Raghavendra A.S.6,Gupta Kapuganti Jagadis1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India

2. AIMMSCR Amity University Uttar Pradesh Sector 125 Noida 201313 India

3. Plant Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India

4. Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Potsdam Germany

5. Department of Plant Physiology University of Rostock Rostock D–18051 Germany

6. School of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences University of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500046 India

Abstract

SUMMARYPhotorespiratory serine hydroxymethyltransferases (SHMTs) are important enzymes of cellular one‐carbon metabolism. In this study, we investigated the potential role of SHMT6 in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that SHMT6 is localized in the nucleus and expressed in different tissues during development. Interestingly SHMT6 is inducible in response to avirulent, virulent Pseudomonas syringae and to Fusarium oxysporum infection. Overexpression of SHMT6 leads to larger flowers, siliques, seeds, roots, and consequently an enhanced overall biomass. This enhanced growth was accompanied by increased stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity as well as ATP, protein, and chlorophyll levels. By contrast, a shmt6 knockout mutant displayed reduced growth. When challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 expressing AvrRpm1, SHMT6 overexpression lines displayed a clear hypersensitive response which was characterized by enhanced electrolyte leakage and reduced bacterial growth. In response to virulent Pst DC3000, the shmt6 mutant developed severe disease symptoms and becomes very susceptible, whereas SHMT6 overexpression lines showed enhanced resistance with increased expression of defense pathway associated genes. In response to Fusarium oxysporum, overexpression lines showed a reduction in symptoms. Moreover, SHMT6 overexpression lead to enhanced production of ethylene and lignin, which are important components of the defense response. Collectively, our data revealed that SHMT6 plays an important role in development and defense against pathogens.

Publisher

Wiley

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