Impact of MASLD and MetALD on clinical outcomes: A meta‐analysis of preliminary evidence

Abstract

AbstractA recent Delphi consensus proposed a new definition for metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and introduced a disease entity called MetALD, a condition in which steatotic liver disease (SLD), metabolic dysfunction and moderate alcohol intake coexist. Given the limited available data on the prognostic implications of these disease entities, we performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of available cohort studies to evaluate the association of MASLD and MetALD with hard clinical outcomes. We included 5 studies for a total of 9 824 047 participants. Compared with participants without SLD, increased rates of all‐cause mortality and incident cardiovascular disease were present for both MASLD and MetALD. Moreover, MetALD was also associated with significantly higher risks of cancer‐related mortality (n = 2 studies, random‐effects HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.35–3.28) and cardiovascular mortality (n = 3 studies, random‐effects HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.12–1.22). Although preliminary, available evidence indicates a more unfavourable prognosis for patients with MetALD compared with those with MASLD.