1. Center for Comprehensive Access Delivery Research & Evaluation (CADRE) VA Iowa City Healthcare System Iowa City Iowa USA
2. Department of Emergency Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa USA
3. Department of Anesthesia University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa USA
4. Institute for Clinical and Translational Sciences University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa USA
5. Tennessee Valley Healthcare System VA Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
6. Department of Emergency Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
7. Department of Internal Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa USA