Problem gambling in psychotic disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of prevalence

Author:

Corbeil Olivier123ORCID,Anderson Élizabeth34,Béchard Laurent123ORCID,Desmeules Charles35ORCID,Huot‐Lavoie Maxime35ORCID,Bachand Lauryann4,Brodeur Sébastien2356ORCID,Carmichael Pierre‐Hugues7ORCID,Jacques Christian48,Solmi Marco9101112ORCID,Giroux Isabelle48ORCID,Dorval Michel113ORCID,Demers Marie‐France123ORCID,Roy Marc‐André235ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Pharmacy Université Laval Quebec Quebec Canada

2. Quebec Mental Health University Institute Quebec Quebec Canada

3. CERVO Brain Research Centre Quebec Quebec Canada

4. School of Psychology Université Laval Quebec Quebec Canada

5. Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Quebec Quebec Canada

6. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK

7. Centre d'Excellence sur le Vieillissement de Québec Quebec Quebec Canada

8. Centre Québécois d'Excellence pour la Prévention et le Traitement du Jeu Quebec Quebec Canada

9. SCIENCES Lab, Department of Psychiatry University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada

10. Regional Centre for the Treatment of Eating Disorders and On Track: The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa Ontario Canada

11. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada

12. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany

13. CHU de Québec – Université Laval Research Centre Quebec Quebec Canada

Abstract

AbstractIntroductionProblem gambling (PBG) is more common in people with mental health disorders, including substance use, bipolar, and personality disorders, than in the general population. Although individuals with psychotic disorders might be expected to be more vulnerable to PBG, fewer studies have focused on this comorbidity. The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of PBG in people with psychotic disorders.MethodsMedline (Ovid), EMBASE, PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL, CENTRAL, Web of science, and ProQuest were searched on November 1, 2023, without language restrictions. Observational and experimental studies including individuals with psychotic disorders and reporting the prevalence of PBG were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal for systematic reviews of prevalence data. The pooled prevalence of PBG was calculated using a fixed effects generalized linear mixed model and presented through forest plots.ResultsOf 1271 records screened, 12 studies (n = 3443) were included. The overall prevalence of PBG was 8.7% (95% CI = 7.8%–9.7%, I2 = 69%). A lower prevalence was found in studies with a low risk of bias (5.6%; 95% CI = 4.4%–7.0%) compared with studies with a moderate risk of bias (10.4%; 95% CI = 9.2%–11.7%). Different methods used to assess PBG also contributed to the heterogeneity found.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis found substantial heterogeneity, partly due to the risk of bias of the included studies and a lack of uniformity in PBG assessment. Although more research is needed to identify those at increased risk for PBG, its relatively high prevalence warrants routine screening for gambling in clinical practice.

Publisher

Wiley

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