Three‐dimensional chromosome re‐modelling: The integral mechanism of transcription regulation in bacteria

Author:

Rashid Fatema‐Zahra M.123ORCID,Dame Remus T.123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Macromolecular Biochemistry Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands

2. Centre for Microbial Cell Biology Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands

3. Centre for Interdisciplinary Genome Research Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands

Abstract

AbstractNucleoid‐associated proteins (NAPs) are architectural proteins of the bacterial chromosome and transcription factors that dynamically organise the chromosome and regulate gene expression in response to physicochemical environmental signals. While the architectural and regulatory functions of NAPs have been verified independently, the coupling between these functions in vivo has not been conclusively proven. Here we describe a model NAP – histone‐like nucleoid structuring protein (H‐NS) – as a coupled sensor‐effector that directly regulates gene expression by chromatin re‐modelling in response to physicochemical environmental signals. We outline how H‐NS‐binding partners and post‐translational modifications modulate the role of H‐NS as a transcription factor by influencing its DNA structuring properties. We consolidate our ideas in models of how H‐NS may regulate the expression of the proVWX and hlyCABD operons by chromatin re‐modelling. The interplay between chromosome structure and gene expression may be a common – but, at present, under‐appreciated – concept of transcription regulation in bacteria.

Funder

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Molecular Biology,Microbiology

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