Long‐term outcomes and cost savings of office fulguration of papillary Ta low‐grade bladder cancer

Abstract

ObjectivesTo assess whether office‐based fulguration (OF) under local anaesthesia for small, recurrent, pathological Ta low‐grade (LG) non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is an effective alternative to transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT), avoiding the costs and risks of procedure, and anesthesia.Patients and MethodsOf 521 patients with primary TaLG NMIBC, this retrospective study included 270 patients who underwent OF during follow‐up for recurrent, small, papillary LG‐appearing tumours at a university centre (University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada). We assessed the cumulative incidence of cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) and disease progression (to MIBC or metastases), as well as possible direct cost savings.ResultsIn the 270 patients with recurrent TaLG NMIBC treated with OF, the mean (sd) age was 64.9 (13.3) years, 70.8% were men, and 60.3% had single tumours. The mean (sd, range) number of OF procedures per patient was 3.1 (3.2, 1–22). The median (interquartile range) follow‐up was 10.1 (5.8–16.2) years. Patients also underwent a mean (sd) of 3.6 (3.0) TURBTs during follow‐up in case of numerous or bulkier recurrence. In all, 44.4% of patients never received intravesical therapy. The 10‐year incidence of CSM and progression were 0% and 3.1% (95% confidence interval 0.8–5.4%), respectively. Direct cost savings in Ontario were estimated at $6994.14 (Canadian dollars) per patient over the study follow‐up.ConclusionsThis study supports that properly selected patients with recurrent, apparent TaLG NMIBC can be safely managed with OF under local anaesthesia with occasional TURBT for larger or numerous recurrent tumours, without compromising long‐term oncological outcomes. This approach could generate substantial cost‐saving to healthcare systems, is patient‐friendly, and could be adopted more widely.