Do the Self–Employed More Likely Emerge from Sequential or Parallel Work Experience in Business–Related Functions?

Abstract

Recent theory suggests generalists are more likely than specialists to become self–employed. However, little research examines whether different career paths of generalists are equally effective. I argue those experiencing business–related functions in parallel rather than sequentially more likely become self–employed—as a career proceeds over years—because “connections” detected across domains during parallel work experience are particularly valuable in discovery of future opportunities. Yet, positive effects of experiencing domains sequentially are more strongly amplified when individuals are analytically disposed. Analyzing careers of scientists and engineers, SESTAT data broadly support the hypotheses but mostly for male, incorporated, and/or nonacademic entrepreneurial self–employment.