Bacterioruberin extract from Haloarchaea Haloferax marinum: Component identification, antioxidant activity and anti‐atrophy effect in LPS‐treated C2C12 myotubes

Author:

Lee Hyeju1,Cho Eui‐Sang23,Hwang Chi Young2,Cao Lei4,Kim Mi‐Bo5,Lee Sang Gil15ORCID,Seo Myung‐Ji267ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea

2. Department of Bioengineering and Nano‐Bioengineering Incheon National University Incheon Republic of Korea

3. Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA

4. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology Gachon University Seongnam Republic of Korea

5. Department of Food Science and Nutrition Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea

6. Division of Bioengineering Incheon National University Incheon Republic of Korea

7. Research Center for bio Materials & Process Development Incheon National University Incheon Republic of Korea

Abstract

AbstractCarotenoids are natural pigments utilized as colourants and antioxidants across food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. They exist in carbon chain lengths of C30, C40, C45 and C50, with C40 variants being the most common. Bacterioruberin (BR) and its derivatives are part of the less common C50 carotenoid group, synthesized primarily by halophilic archaea. This study analysed the compositional characteristics of BR extract (BRE) isolated from ‘Haloferax marinum’ MBLA0078, a halophilic archaeon isolated from seawater near Yeoungheungdo Island in the Republic of Korea, and investigated its antioxidant activity and protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced C2C12 myotube atrophy. The main components of BRE included all‐trans‐BR, monoanhydrobacterioruberin, 2‐isopentenyl‐3,4‐dehydrorhodopin and all‐trans‐bisanhydrobacterioruberin. BRE exhibited higher antioxidant activity and DNA nicking protection activity than other well‐known C40 carotenoids, such as β‐carotene, lycopene and astaxanthin. In C2C12 myotubes, LPS treatment led to a reduction in myotube diameter and number, as well as the hypertranscription of the muscle‐specific ubiquitin ligase MAFbx and MuRF1. BRE mitigated these changes by activating the Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, BRE abolished the elevated cellular reactive oxygen species levels and the inflammation response induced by LPS. This study demonstrated that ‘Hfx. marinum’ is an excellent source of natural microbial C50 carotenoids with strong antioxidant capacity and may offer potential protective effects against muscle atrophy.

Funder

National Research Foundation of Korea

Publisher

Wiley

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