1. An analytical approach can be defined as a frame of relatively general categories with which to grasp empirical facts. Such analytical approaches include specific theoretical assumptions and are the basis for explaining why certain events or developments have happened; R. Mayntz and F. W. Scharpf, 'Der Ansatz des akteurzentrierten Institutionalismus', in R. Mayntz and F. W. Scharpf (eds),Gesellschaftliche Selbstregelung und politische Steuerung(Campus, 1995), p. 39. See also T. Diez and A. Wiener 'Introducing the Mosaic of Integration Theory', in A. Wiener and T. Diez (eds),European Integration Theory(Oxford University Press, 2004), p. 17.
2. For a more detailed outline of the theoretical approach, see C. Landfried,Das politische Europa(Nomos, 2002, 2nd edn 2005) Chapter 1.
3. F. W. Scharpf, 'Legitimate Diversity: The New Challenge of European Integration', in T. A. Borzel and R. A. Cichowski (eds),The State of the European Union. Law, Politics, and Society(Oxford University Press, 2003), pp. 79-104.
4. U. Beck and E. Grande,Das kosmopolitische Europa(Suhrkamp, 2004) put forward the same argument.