Affiliation:
1. Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri‐implant Diseases University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
2. Operative Unit of Dentistry Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (AUSL) Ferrara Italy
3. International Research Collaborative ‐ Oral Health and Equity, School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
Abstract
AbstractThe presence of a peri‐implant bone dehiscence (BD) or fenestration (BF) is a common finding after implant placement in a crest with a reduced bucco‐lingual bone dimension. The presence of a residual BD is associated with a relevant incidence of peri‐implant biological complications over time. Guided bone regeneration (GBR), performed at implant placement, is the most validated treatment to correct a BD. In the present systematic review, the evidence evaluating factors which could reduce the invasiveness of a GBR procedure with respect to patient‐reported outcomes, intra‐ and post‐ surgical complications, was summarized. Factors included were: technical aspects, regenerative materials for GBR, and peri‐ and post‐operative pharmacological regimens. The available evidence seems to indicate that the use of membrane fixation and flap passivation by means of a double flap incision technique may reduce the incidence of post‐surgical complications. When feasible, the coronal advancement of the lingual flap is suggested. The use of a non‐cross linked resorbable membrane positively impacts on patient discomfort. The adjunctive use of autogenous bone to a xenograft seems not to improve BD correction, but could increase patient discomfort. Systemic antibiotic administration after a GBR procedure does not seem to be justified in systemically healthy patients.
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