Metabolic and transcriptomic study of pennycress natural variation identifies targets for oil improvement

Author:

Arias Cintia Lucía1,García Navarrete Leidy Tatiana2,Mukundi Eric2,Swanson Tyler1,Yang Fan3,Hernandez Jonathan1,Grotewold Erich2,Alonso Ana Paula1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biological Sciences & BioDiscovery Institute University of North Texas Denton Texas USA

2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA

3. Center for Applied Plant Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA

Abstract

SummaryPennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.), a member of the Brassicaceae family, produces seed oil high in erucic acid, suitable for biodiesel and aviation fuel. Although pennycress, a winter annual, could be grown as a dedicated bioenergy crop, an increase in its seed oil content is required to improve its economic competitiveness. The success of crop improvement relies upon finding the right combination of biomarkers and targets, and the best genetic engineering and/or breeding strategies. In this work, we combined biomass composition with metabolomic and transcriptomic studies of developing embryos from 22 pennycress natural variants to identify targets for oil improvement. The selected accession collection presented diverse levels of fatty acids at maturity ranging from 29% to 41%. Pearson correlation analyses, weighted gene co‐expression network analysis and biomarker identifications were used as complementary approaches to detect associations between metabolite level or gene expression and oil content at maturity. The results indicated that improving seed oil content can lead to a concomitant increase in the proportion of erucic acid without affecting the weight of embryos. Processes, such as carbon partitioning towards the chloroplast, lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, and a tight control of nitrogen availability, were found to be key for oil improvement in pennycress. Besides identifying specific targets, our results also provide guidance regarding the best timing for their modification, early or middle maturation. Thus, this work lays out promising strategies, specific for pennycress, to accelerate the successful development of lines with increased seed oil content for biofuel applications.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science,Biotechnology

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